Ivan Nikolaevich Kramskoy was born in the Russian city of Ostrogoschsk into an impoverished petty-bourgeois family. Despite this, the talented young man was able to study painting at the Saint Petersburg Academy of Art from the age of twenty to twenty-six. However, he soon began to rebel against the academic style of art and its restrictions, and even organized a kind of revolt called the "Revolt of the Fourteen," in which fourteen art students showed civil disobedience. This led to his eventual expulsion from the Academy. But Kramskoy did not give up fighting for his idea of artists' responsibility for their audience and for realism in art. Therefore, together with other painters, the artist founded the movement of Peredvishniki, in German Wanderer. The society existed for more than 50 years and organized traveling exhibitions in many Russian cities, for example in Moscow, Kiev, Kharkov, Kazan, Odessa and Riga. The painters of realism represented in it condemned the absolutist rule of Russia and wanted to show the complex sides of Russian society, especially the traditions of the people and urban and rural life. For them, naturalness and authenticity were very important and they no longer painted in the traditional dark colors of the time, but in bright, dazzling tones. Many very talented Russian painters, as well as artists from Ukraine, Armenia and Latvia joined the Peredvizhniki and Ivan Nikolaevich Kramskoy remained the head of the movement until his death in 1887.
The artist painted portraits of many important Russian scientists, writers and visual artists or other personalities of contemporary history. Among them are the writer Leo Tolstoy, the painter and graphic artist Iwan Schischkin, the merchant and patron of the arts Pavel Tretyakov, the Ukrainian national poet Taras Shevchenko, the writer Fyodor Dostoevsky, the philosopher Vladimir Soloviev, but also Tsar Alexander III. In addition, he also painted many pictures with biblical themes. He was a very religious man. One of his most famous paintings is called "Christ in the Desert". Many paintings by Kramskoy hang today in the Hermitage in Saint Petersburg and in the Tretyakov Gallery in Moscow. He was an artist who strongly influenced many Russian artists of his time with his special style and critical spirit.
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.jpg "Christ in the Wilderness by Ivan Nikolaevich Kramskoy")
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.jpg "Portrait of an Unknown Woman by Ivan Nikolaevich Kramskoy")
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.jpg "Christ in the Wilderness by Ivan Nikolaevich Kramskoy")
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.jpg "Beekeeper by Ivan Nikolaevich Kramskoy")
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 1873 - (MeisterDrucke-44089).jpg "Portrait of Ivan Ivanovich Shishkin, 1873 by Ivan Nikolaevich Kramskoy")
 1873 - (MeisterDrucke-44089).jpg)
.jpg "Bunch of Flowers. Phloxes, 1884 by Ivan Nikolaevich Kramskoy")
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 at the time of The Last Songs 1877 - (MeisterDrucke-104747).jpg "The Poet Nikolay Alekseyevich Nekrasov at the Time of")
 at the time of The Last Songs 1877 - (MeisterDrucke-104747).jpg)
.jpg "In the Park (Portrait of the Artist")
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.jpg "Portrait of a Boy, Possibly Prince Anatoly Levin by Ivan Nikolaevich Kramskoy")
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 - (MeisterDrucke-661035).jpg "Portrait of Pavel Tretyakov (1832–1898) by Ivan Nikolaevich Kramskoy")
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.jpg "Portrait of Sofja Kramskaja, Daughter of the Painter by Ivan Nikolaevich Kramskoy")
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 Fishing 1883 - (MeisterDrucke-119640).jpg "Portrait of Apollon Maikov (1821-97) Fishing, 1883 by Ivan Nikolaevich Kramskoy")
 Fishing 1883 - (MeisterDrucke-119640).jpg)
.jpg "Coronation Portrait of the Emperor Alexander III From the Coronation Album by Ivan Nikolaevich Kramskoy")
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_(Pompeii)_Vues_du_forum_des_ruines_romaines_dans_la_baie_de_Napl_-_(MeisterDrucke-939988).jpg "View of the forum ruins in Pompeii, in the Bay of Naples, before Mount Vesuvius. Work by Ivan Nikolayevich Kramskoi by Ivan Nikolaevich Kramskoy")
_(Pompeii)_Vues_du_forum_des_ruines_romaines_dans_la_baie_de_Napl_-_(MeisterDrucke-939988).jpg)
 1863 - (MeisterDrucke-57431).jpg "Reading (portrait of the artist")
 1863 - (MeisterDrucke-57431).jpg)
.jpg "Portrait of the Artist F. Vasilyev by Ivan Nikolaevich Kramskoy")
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.jpg "Coronation Portrait of Empress Maria Feodorovna, Princess Dagmar of Denmark by Ivan Nikolaevich Kramskoy")
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 1871 - (MeisterDrucke-40132).jpg "Portrait of Mikhail Konstantinovich Klodt (1832-1902) by Ivan Nikolaevich Kramskoy")
 1871 - (MeisterDrucke-40132).jpg)
.jpg "Portrait of Count Pyotr Alexandrovich Valuyev 1815-1890, 1880 by Ivan Nikolaevich Kramskoy")
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.jpg "Portrait of the Author Mikhail Saltykov-Shchedrin 1826-1889, 1879 by Ivan Nikolaevich Kramskoy")
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_1876_-_(MeisterDrucke-560036).jpg "Portrait of Pavel Mikhailovich Tretyakov by Ivan Nikolaevich Kramskoy")
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.jpg "Italian Ruins by Ivan Nikolaevich Kramskoy")
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.jpg "Portrait of Grand Duke Vladimir Alexandrovich of Russia 1847-1909, 1880s by Ivan Nikolaevich Kramskoy")
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 1871 - (MeisterDrucke-92613).jpg "Portrait of the Ukranian Author Taras Grigorievich Shevchenko by Ivan Nikolaevich Kramskoy")
 1871 - (MeisterDrucke-92613).jpg)
.jpg "Portrait of Y.A. Voeykova, 1882 by Ivan Nikolaevich Kramskoy")
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 1876 - (MeisterDrucke-109101).jpg "Portrait of Dmitri Vasilievich Grigorovich (1822-99), 1876 by Ivan Nikolaevich Kramskoy")
 1876 - (MeisterDrucke-109101).jpg)
 1886 - (MeisterDrucke-100618).jpg "Portrait of Emperor Alexander III, 1886 by Ivan Nikolaevich Kramskoy")
 1886 - (MeisterDrucke-100618).jpg)
.jpg "Christ in the Wilderness by Ivan Nikolaevich Kramskoy")
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.jpg "Taras Shevchenko, Ukrainian poet and artist by Ivan Nikolaevich Kramskoy")
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 1878 - (MeisterDrucke-70827).jpg "Portrait of Alexander Litovtchenko (1835-90), 1878 by Ivan Nikolaevich Kramskoy")
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_Femme_en_ro_-_(MeisterDrucke-1411432).jpg "A Hot Day. On the Grass. Midday by Ivan Nikolaevich Kramskoy")
_Femme_en_ro_-_(MeisterDrucke-1411432).jpg)
.jpg "Reading (Portrait of the artist")
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_(1826-_-_(MeisterDrucke-1318344).jpg "Portrait of the Author Mikhail Saltykov Shchedrin (Saltykov-Shchedrin) by Ivan Nikolaevich Kramskoy")
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.jpg "Portrait of Nikolay Alekseyevich Nekrasov by Ivan Nikolaevich Kramskoy")
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.jpg "Reading Woman by Ivan Nikolaevich Kramskoy")
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.jpg "Portrait of Vasili Vasilievich Vereshchagin, 1883 by Ivan Nikolaevich Kramskoy")
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 1873 - (MeisterDrucke-64057).jpg "Portrait of Count Lev Nikolaevich Tolstoy by Ivan Nikolaevich Kramskoy")
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.jpg "Portrait of Ilya Efimovich Repin by Ivan Nikolaevich Kramskoy")
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.jpg "Kramskoy Painting a Portrait of His Daughter by Ivan Nikolaevich Kramskoy")
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.jpg "Portrait of the artist A. Kuindzhi by Ivan Nikolaevich Kramskoy")
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.jpg "Portrait of Anatoly Kramskoy, the Artist")
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.jpg "Portrait of a Farmer by Ivan Nikolaevich Kramskoy")
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_(Portrait_of_the_poet_YPolonsky)_Pe_-_(MeisterDrucke-1407218).jpg "Portrait of the Poet Y. Polonsky (1819-1898) by Ivan Nikolaevich Kramskoy")
_(Portrait_of_the_poet_YPolonsky)_Pe_-_(MeisterDrucke-1407218).jpg)
.jpg "Portrait of the Artist M.K. Clodt by Ivan Nikolaevich Kramskoy")
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.jpg "The Miller, 1873 by Ivan Nikolaevich Kramskoy")
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_with_his_wife_Maria_Fedor_-_(MeisterDrucke-961094).jpg "Portrait of Tsar Alexander III (1845-1895) with Maria Fedorovna by Ivan Nikolaevich Kramskoy")
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.jpg "Inconsolable Grief by Ivan Nikolaevich Kramskoy")
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.jpg "Portrait of Ivan Goncharov by Ivan Nikolaevich Kramskoy")
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_(vetue_dune_longue_robe_bla_-_(MeisterDrucke-1317967).jpg "Portrait of a Young Lady by Ivan Nikolaevich Kramskoy")
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.jpg "Nikolay Nekrasov, Russian poet by Ivan Nikolaevich Kramskoy")
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.jpg "Portrait of the Empress Maria Feodorovna, Princess Dagmar of Denmark by Ivan Nikolaevich Kramskoy")
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_et_de_limperat_-_(MeisterDrucke-1398059).jpg "Coronation Portrait of Emperor Alexander III from the Coronation Album by Ivan Nikolayevich Kramskoi by Ivan Nikolaevich Kramskoy")
_et_de_limperat_-_(MeisterDrucke-1398059).jpg)
_(Portrait_of_the_-_(MeisterDrucke-1322843).jpg "Portrait of the Collector Dr Sergei Botkin by Ivan Nikolaevich Kramskoy")
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_-_Peinture_de_Ivan_Nikolayevich_Kramskoi_(1837-1887)_huil_-_(MeisterDrucke-1314571).jpg "Beekeeper - Painting by Ivan Nikolayevich Kramskoi (Oil on Canvas) by Ivan Nikolaevich Kramskoy")
_-_Peinture_de_Ivan_Nikolayevich_Kramskoi_(1837-1887)_huil_-_(MeisterDrucke-1314571).jpg)
_et_de_limperat_-_(MeisterDrucke-1406446).jpg "Coronation Portrait of Empress Maria Feodorovna, Princess Dagmar of Denmark (From the Coronation Album) by Ivan Nikolaevich Kramskoy")
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.jpg "Kramskoi, Portraying His Daughter by Ivan Nikolaevich Kramskoy")
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_1879_-_(MeisterDrucke-572724).jpg "Portrait of Professor A. Prachov, 1879 by Ivan Nikolaevich Kramskoy")
_1879_-_(MeisterDrucke-572724).jpg)
 - (MeisterDrucke-195669).jpg "Nikolai Nekrasov by Ivan Nikolaevich Kramskoy")
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_Prakhov_(1846-1916)_(Port_-_(MeisterDrucke-1313399).jpg "Portrait of the art historian, professor Adrian Prakhov by Ivan Nikolaevich Kramskoy")
_Prakhov_(1846-1916)_(Port_-_(MeisterDrucke-1313399).jpg)
.jpg "Portrait of the Collector, Patron and Founder of the Gallery, P. Tretyakov by Ivan Nikolaevich Kramskoy")
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.jpg "Mermaids, 1871 by Ivan Nikolaevich Kramskoy")
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.jpg "Portrait of the Artist Vasily Surikov by Ivan Nikolaevich Kramskoy")
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.jpg "Mina Moiseyev by Ivan Nikolaevich Kramskoy")
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.jpg "Leo Tolstoy, Russian Novelist by Ivan Nikolaevich Kramskoy")
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_(Portrait_of_the_author_IGonch_-_(MeisterDrucke-1313449).jpg "Portrait of the author I. Goncharov by Ivan Nikolaevich Kramskoy")
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_-_Pencil_brush_sepi_-_(MeisterDrucke-1376439).jpg "Christmas Eve Fortune Telling by Ivan Nikolaevich Kramskoy")
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_Peinture_de_Iva_-_(MeisterDrucke-1411211).jpg "Portrait of the Publisher and Journalist Aleksei Souvorin by Ivan Nikolaevich Kramskoy")
_Peinture_de_Iva_-_(MeisterDrucke-1411211).jpg)
_(Portrait_of_the_author_Gri_-_(MeisterDrucke-1408520).jpg "Portrait of the Author Grigori Danilevsky by Ivan Nikolaevich Kramskoy")
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.jpg "Portrait of Dmitri Mendeleev by Ivan Nikolaevich Kramskoy")
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_(Portrait_of_the_artist_-_(MeisterDrucke-1323035).jpg "Portrait of the artist V. Vereshchagin by Ivan Nikolaevich Kramskoy")
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.jpg "Artists Dacha at Siverskaya by Ivan Nikolaevich Kramskoy")
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.jpg "Moonlit Night by Ivan Nikolaevich Kramskoy")
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.jpg "Portrait of the Author M. Saltykov Shchedrin by Ivan Nikolaevich Kramskoy")
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.jpg "Nikolay Nekrasov, Russian poet by Ivan Nikolaevich Kramskoy")
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.jpg "Pompeii, 1876 by Ivan Nikolaevich Kramskoy")
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.jpg "Inconsolable grief by Ivan Nikolaevich Kramskoy")
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.jpg "Mina Moiseyev by Ivan Nikolaevich Kramskoy")
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.jpg "Self Portrait by Ivan Nikolaevich Kramskoy")
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.jpg "Nikolay Nekrasov, Russian Poet by Ivan Nikolaevich Kramskoy")
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.jpg "Portrait of Pavel Tretyakov by Ivan Nikolaevich Kramskoy")
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.jpg "Leo Tolstoy, Russian novelist, short story writer and playwright by Ivan Nikolaevich Kramskoy")
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.jpg "Christmas Eve Fortune Telling by Ivan Nikolaevich Kramskoy")
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.jpg "Portrait of Leo Tolstoy by Ivan Nikolaevich Kramskoy")
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.jpg "Self-portrait, 1867 by Ivan Nikolaevich Kramskoy")
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