Mostly, the Etruscan culture is classified in the period from 800 BC to about the 1st century BC, some historians also count the Villanova culture (site near Bologna) from 1000 BC, with the Etruscan. According to the archaeological sites, the territory of the Etruscans is located on the western side of Italy, north of Rome, roughly between the Arno and Tiber rivers, in the region of present-day Tuscany, Lazio and Umbria. Unlike Rome, Etruria was not a centrally organized state, but rather a number of independent cities united by a common language, script, trade as well as culture. Accordingly, the excavated artifacts or images show regional differences, which makes a precise definition of Etruscan art difficult.
The central position in the Mediterranean, the trade over the entire Mediterranean area and the mineral resources of the region such as lead, silver, copper and iron formed the basis for a certain prosperity of the inhabitants, which in turn was a prerequisite for the development of a specifically Etruscan art. Impressions, objects and artifacts from Asia Minor, Phoenicia or mainly Greece, as well as immigrations from these areas, entered the artistic style.
4 periods of Etruscan art are distinguished, starting from the Villanova culture, the Orientalizing phase, the Archaic and the Hellenistic, before being absorbed into the Roman after the conquest of the territory by the Romans in the 3rd century BC.
The distinctive cult of the dead among the Etruscans first manifested itself through terracotta urns in the shape of houses with geometric decorations. Later, important persons were not cremated after their death, but buried lying in terracotta sarcophagi in specially constructed buildings. Some of the sites were so-called necropolises (necropolises) with several buildings for the dead. Some of the sarcophagi are decorated with elaborate upper body sculptures, such as the spousal sarcophagus from Cerveteri, which shows the couple with joyful facial expressions at a banquet. The fascinating thing about the sarcophagus sculptures is the naturalness of the representation in contrast to the austerity of the Greek or Roman figures. The larger tombs now allowed the Etruscan artists to make wall paintings with colorful scenes of fun-loving people dancing, banqueting, revelry and music; the most beautiful legacy of the Etruscans (for example, the Tomb of the Leopards in Tarquinia).
In the necropolises and other sacred sites were found numerous bronze sculptures that document the skill of the Etruscans in metalworking, they realized smaller statuettes, medium or life-size images of, for example, women with long robes, warriors with weapons, gods or animals; an example is the mythological figure of the "Chimera of Arezzo" in agony, about 80 cm high. In addition to these works of art, numerous artisan funerary and votive offerings have been excavated, such as bronze mirrors or amphorae, bowls and cups in black-surface pottery, so-called bucchero pottery. The latter a technique and skill of the Etruscans that has left its mark everywhere in the Mediterranean.
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.jpg "Painting from the Tomb of the Diver from the southern cemetery at Paestum, 480-470 BC by Etruscan")
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.jpg "Etruscan Musicians, copy of a 5th century BC fresco in the Tomb of the Leopard at Tarquinia by Etruscan")
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.jpg "Etruscan art: a young swimmer diving. Fresco from the Tomb of the “Diver”. From the southern cemetery of Paestum. 480-470 BC. Museo Archeologico Nazionale, Paestum by Etruscan")
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.jpg "Greek Art: A young swimmer diving. Fresco of the grave of the “diver”, Paestum by Etruscan")
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.jpg "Diver, circa 480-490 BC, decorative fresco from the cover slab of the Tomb of the Diver at Paestum, Campania, Italy, 5th century BC by Etruscan")
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.jpg "Etruscan art: frescoes representing banquet scenes, detail representing a dancer. Tomb of the Triclinium. 5th century BC. National Archaeological Museum of Tarquinia, Italy by Etruscan")
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_-_(MeisterDrucke-982402).jpg "A diver (detail) by Etruscan")
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.jpg "A flute player. Detail of a fresco, 5th century BC by Etruscan")
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.jpg "Etruscan art: a flute player. Detail of a fresco at the Tomb of the Leopards, in the necropolis of Monterozzi, Italy, beginning of the 5th century BC by Etruscan")
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.jpg "Etruscan art: A young swimmer diving. Fresco from the tomb of the \"Diver\". Detail. From the southern cemetery of Paestum. 480-470 BC. National Archaeological Museum, Paestum by Etruscan")
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 - (MeisterDrucke-69364).jpg "Musician playing a double flute, from the tomb of the triclinium, c. 470 BC by Etruscan")
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.jpg "Etruscan art: a young naked ephebe beside a table on which a vase is placed. Fresco from the Tomb of the “Diver”. From the southern cemetery of Paestum. 480-470 BC. Museo Archeologico Nazionale, Paestum by Etruscan")
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.jpg "Etruscan art: detail of the bronze Ficoroni Cista representing the legend of the Argonauts. From Praeneste (Palestrina). 340 BC. Museo Nazionale di Villa Giulia, Rome by Etruscan")
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 - (MeisterDrucke-40131).jpg "Detail of musician playing a double flute, from the Tomb of the Triclinium, c. 470 BC (wall painting) by Etruscan")
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.jpg "Etruscan art: detail of the bronze Ficoroni Cista depicting the legend of the Argonauts: the ship Argo. From Praeneste (Palestrina). 340 BC. Museo Nazionale di Villa Giulia, Rome by Etruscan")
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.jpg "Etruscan antiquity: bell krater depicting the destruction of Troy: detail depicting Neoptolemus throwing Astyanax, son of Hector, over the walls. From Falerii Veteres (Civita Castellana). 350-300 BC. Rome, Museo Nazionale di Villa Giulia by Etruscan")
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.jpg "Etruscan civilization: young man riding a dolphin. Stone sculpture, 550 BC. Height 82 cm. Rome, Museo Nazionale di Villa Giulia by Etruscan")
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.jpg "Etruscan art: frescoes depicting banquet scenes, detail depicting a lyre player. Tomb of the Triclinium. 5th century BC. National Archaeological Museum of Tarquinia, Italy by Etruscan")
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.jpg "Etruscan art: banquet scene. Fresco from the tomb of the \"Diver\". From the southern cemetery of Paestum. 480-470 BC. National Archaeological Museum, Paestum by Etruscan")
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_in_ivory_Fr_-_(MeisterDrucke-1124910).jpg "Etruscan antiquity: front arm or handle of a flabellum (liturgical fan) in ivory. From the Barberini Tomb at Praeneste (Palestrina). 7th century BC. Rome, Museo Nazionale di Villa Giulia by Etruscan")
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.jpg "Etruscan art: frescoes representing banquet scenes, detail representing a flute player. Tomb of the Triclinium. 5th century BC. National Archaeological Museum of Tarquinia, Italy by Etruscan")
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.jpg "Etruscan antiquity: detail of a kylix depicting a rider. From Falerii Veteres (Civita Castellana), 5th century BC. Rome, Museo Nazionale di Villa Giulia by Etruscan")
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.jpg "Statue called \"The shadow of the evening\" by Etruscan")
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.jpg "Etruscan antiquity: detail of a kylix depicting Dionysus and Ariadne. From Falerii Veteres (Civita Castellana), 6th century BC. Rome, Museo Nazionale di Villa Giulia by Etruscan")
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.jpg "Etruscan art: a young ephebe, a musician and a master of ceremonies. Fresco from the tomb of the \"Diver\". From the southern cemetery of Paestum. 480-470 BC. National Archaeological Museum, Paestum by Etruscan")
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.jpg "Etruscan art: back of a bronze mirror: Aphrodite persuaded Helen to follow Paris to Troy. 5th century BC. Rome, Museo Nazionale di Villa Giulia by Etruscan")
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.jpg "Etruscan antiquity: bell krater depicting the destruction of Troy: detail showing Menelaus facing Aphrodite, with Helen depicted on the right. From Falerii Veteres (Civita Castellana). 350-300 BC. Rome, Museo Nazionale di Villa Giulia by Etruscan")
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_of_Pyrgi_in_gold_engraved_with_inscriptions_i_-_(MeisterDrucke-1124908).jpg "Etruscan antiquity: gold tablets (slats) from Pyrgi, engraved with inscriptions in the Etruscan language and dedicated to the United Goddess. Late 6th to early 5th century BC. Dimensions: 18.5 cm. Rome, Museo Nazionale di Villa Giulia by Etruscan")
_of_Pyrgi_in_gold_engraved_with_inscriptions_i_-_(MeisterDrucke-1124908).jpg)
.jpg "Etruscan antiquity: bell krater depicting the destruction of Troy: detail depicting Dionysus and Ariadne. From Falerii Veteres (Civita Castellana). 350-300 BC. Rome, Museo Nazionale di Villa Giulia by Etruscan")
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.jpg "Etruscan antiquity: “Satyr and Dancing Maenad”. Terracotta sculpture from a temple of Mater Matuta at Satricum. 480 BC. Dimensions: 59 cm. Rome, Museo Nazionale di Villa Giulia by Etruscan")
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.jpg "Etruscan art: banquet scene - Fresco from the Tomb of the “Diver”, from the southern cemetery of Paestum, 480-470 BC - National Archaeological Museum, Paestum by Etruscan")
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.jpg "Etruscan art: detail of the foot of the bronze Ficoroni Cista depicting Hercules, Iolaus and Eros between them. From Praeneste (Palestrina). 340 BC. Museo Nazionale di Villa Giulia, Rome by Etruscan")
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_of_Pyrgi_in_gold_engraved_with_Phenician_insc_-_(MeisterDrucke-1126277).jpg "Etruscan antiquity: tablets (slats) of Pyrgi in gold, engraved with Phoenician inscriptions dedicated to the goddess Astarte. Late 6th - early 5th century BC. Dimensions: 19.3 cm. Rome, Museo Nazionale di Villa Giulia by Etruscan")
_of_Pyrgi_in_gold_engraved_with_Phenician_insc_-_(MeisterDrucke-1126277).jpg)
.jpg "Terracotta Kylix Depicting Hercules Fighting with Triton, Surrounded by Seventeen Dancing Nereids, 6th Century BC by Etruscan")
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.jpg "Etruscan antiquity: detail of a kylix depicting Poseidon and Amphitrite. From Falerii Veteres (Civita Castellana), 6th century BC. Rome, Museo Nazionale di Villa Giulia by Etruscan")
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.jpg "Tomb of the Acrobats, (detail) by Etruscan")
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.jpg "Etruscan art: black terracotta kylix decorated with the representation of a lyre player. From the Tomb of the Greek Vases. Necropolis of Banditaccia. Cerveteri. 6th or 5th century BC. Rome, Museo Nazionale di Villa Giulia by Etruscan")
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.jpg "Etruscan art: detail of the bronze Ficoroni Cista representing the legend of the Argonauts: an Argonaut training in boxing. From Praeneste (Palestrina). 340 BC. Museo Nazionale di Villa Giulia, Rome by Etruscan")
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.jpg "Etruscan art: table with vases and offerings. Fresco from the cemetery of Paestum. 4th century BC. Museo Archeologico Nazionale, Naples, Italy by Etruscan")
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.jpg "Etruscan Art: Amphora Decorated by the Painter of the Cappi by Etruscan")
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.jpg "Etruscan civilization: black bucchero amphora, from Veio, necropolis of Monte Michele, Italy - 7th century BC by Etruscan")
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.jpg "Musician Playing the Pipes from the Tomb of the Leopard (detail) by Etruscan")
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.jpg "Etruscan art: “Ulysses, tied to the mast of his ship, resists the singing of the sirens”. Low relief of a sarcophagus from Volterra. 4th-3rd century BC. Florence, Archaeological Museum by Etruscan")
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.jpg "Aeneas and Anchises, from the Campetti Sanctuary, Veies by Etruscan")
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 - (MeisterDrucke-108974).jpg "Two Horses and a Musician, from the Tomb of the Giustiniani, mid 5th century BC by Etruscan")
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.jpg "The Ambush of the Trojan Prince Troilus by Achilles, from the Tomb of the Bulls by Etruscan")
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.jpg "Mirror depicting Aphrodite persuading Helen to follow Paris to Troy, from Palestrina by Etruscan")
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.jpg "Head of a Man and Child Playing a Double Flute (detail) by Etruscan")
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 - (MeisterDrucke-167859).jpg "Two Dancers and Dolphins Leaping through Waves, frieze from the Tomb of the Lionesses in the necropolis by Etruscan")
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.jpg "Fishermen in a boat and birds flying, from the Tomb of Fishing and Hunting, c.520-510 BC by Etruscan")
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_-_(MeisterDrucke-982101).jpg "A Dancer (Detail, 5th Century BC) by Etruscan")
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.jpg "Detail of the Funeral Banquet, from the Tomb of the Leopards, c.490 BC by Etruscan")
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.jpg "Etruscan antiquity: bell krater representing the destruction of Troy: detail representing Priam killed by Neoptolemus. From Falerii Veteres (Civita Castellana). 350-300 BC. Rome, Museo Nazionale di Villa Giulia by Etruscan")
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 - (MeisterDrucke-165051).jpg "Two Amazons in Combat with a Greek, from Tarquinia by Etruscan")
 - (MeisterDrucke-165051).jpg)
_-_(MeisterDrucke-982095).jpg "An Old Man Accompanied by a Young Man (Detail, 530 BC) by Etruscan")
_-_(MeisterDrucke-982095).jpg)
.jpg "Etruscan civilization: biconical bronze vase with double handle and lid from the tomb of the bronze tank in Vulci, 680-670 BC by Etruscan")
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.jpg "Two men, from the Tomb of the Augurs, c.530-520 BC by Etruscan")
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_-_(MeisterDrucke-293178).jpg "Horseman, Left Hand Side, from the Tomb of the Baron by Etruscan")
_-_(MeisterDrucke-293178).jpg)
_-_(MeisterDrucke-947910).jpg "A bird sitting on a small tree (detail) by Etruscan")
_-_(MeisterDrucke-947910).jpg)
 - (MeisterDrucke-87696).jpg "Dancer with a green tunic, from the Tomb of Giustiniani, mid 5th century BC by Etruscan")
 - (MeisterDrucke-87696).jpg)
_-_Bronze_sculpture_440-420_BC_-_(MeisterDrucke-1124947).jpg "The Etruscan goddess Minerva - Bronze sculpture, 440-420 BC by Etruscan")
_-_Bronze_sculpture_440-420_BC_-_(MeisterDrucke-1124947).jpg)
 c540 BC (wall painting) - (MeisterDrucke-161309).jpg "The Ambush of the Trojan Prince Troilus by Achilles, from the Tomb of the Bulls (c.540 BC) by Etruscan")
 c540 BC (wall painting) - (MeisterDrucke-161309).jpg)
.jpg "The Ploughman of Arezzo, from Cerveteri, 6th Century BC by Etruscan")
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_-_(MeisterDrucke-243843).jpg "Hunter of birds, from the Tomb of Hunting and Fishing, c.520-10 BC by Etruscan")
_-_(MeisterDrucke-243843).jpg)
_-_(MeisterDrucke-276959).jpg "Head of a warrior wearing a helmet, from Satricum by Etruscan")
_-_(MeisterDrucke-276959).jpg)
 - (MeisterDrucke-285223).jpg "Chimera by Etruscan")
 - (MeisterDrucke-285223).jpg)
_-_(MeisterDrucke-982406).jpg "A bearded man presenting a cup, near him a musician (detail) by Etruscan")
_-_(MeisterDrucke-982406).jpg)
.jpg "Priest Making a Ritual Gesture, from the Tomb of the Augurs, c.530-20 BC by Etruscan")
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.jpg "Oinochoe in the form of the head of a young man, known as the")
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 - (MeisterDrucke-166780).jpg "A Guest at a Funeral Banquet Holding an Egg in His Hand, from the Tomb of Lions by Etruscan")
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.jpg "Bronze Figure Making an Offering. Etruscan Civilization, 4th Century BC by Etruscan")
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.jpg "Terracotta frieze decorated with a cortege, 6th century BC by Etruscan")
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.jpg "Detail of a Quadriga from a Sarcophagus, Man with a Calf by Etruscan")
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 - (MeisterDrucke-308931).jpg "Etruscan cinerary urn, early 1st century BC by Etruscan")
 - (MeisterDrucke-308931).jpg)
.jpg "Chariot racing (detail) by Etruscan")
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 - (MeisterDrucke-85814).jpg "Sarcophagus of Velthur Partunus, 8th-1st century BC by Etruscan")
 - (MeisterDrucke-85814).jpg)
.jpg "Bronze Kouros Sculpture from Talamone by Etruscan")
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 - (MeisterDrucke-282370).jpg "Warrior, from Umbria, Etruscan, 5th century BC by Etruscan")
 - (MeisterDrucke-282370).jpg)
.jpg "Fresco Depicting Funerary Banquet of Velthur Velcha with Wife Ravnthu Aprthnei Entertained by Two Musicians by Etruscan")
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_depicting_youngste_-_(MeisterDrucke-1110108).jpg "Red-figure kylix (wine pottery) depicting youngsters embracing, inscribed with an invitation to drink, circa 350 B.C. by Etruscan")
_depicting_youngste_-_(MeisterDrucke-1110108).jpg)
 - (MeisterDrucke-280721).jpg "The Sarcophagus of Larthia Seianti by Etruscan")
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.jpg "Man and child before the dead Heroisee, from the Tomb of the Baron by Etruscan")
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.jpg "Bronze balsamarium in the form of a satyr and maenad, Etruscan by Etruscan")
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.jpg "Chimera, detail of the head by Etruscan")
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_-_(MeisterDrucke-601957).jpg "Antefix in the form of a Gorgons head by Etruscan")
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.jpg "Etruscan Civilization, Funeral Rite: Shaped Canopic Ossuary, 8th Century BC by Etruscan")
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.jpg "Etruscan Civilization: Head of a Young Man from the Temple of Belvedere, in Orvieto - 5th-4th Century BC Diam 13 cm by Etruscan")
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 - (MeisterDrucke-308274).jpg "Pendant with the Head of the River God Achelous by Etruscan")
 - (MeisterDrucke-308274).jpg)
.jpg "Two Horsemen, a Woman and a Bearded Man Presenting a Cup (Detail) by Etruscan")
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.jpg "Etruscan civilization: ivory ciborium from the tomb of Pania a Chiusi, Italy - 7th century BC by Etruscan")
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.jpg "Red-figure volute krater depicting Orestes and the Furies, late 4th century BC by Etruscan")
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 - (MeisterDrucke-169234).jpg "Warrior, from Umbria, Etruscan by Etruscan")
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.jpg "Red-figure pottery, detail of krater depicting Menelaus faced by Aphrodite as he reaches Helen, from Civita Castellana, ancient Falerii, Rome province, Italy by Etruscan")
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.jpg "Necklace with masks of maenads and Silenus by Etruscan")
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.jpg "Etruscan civilization: terracotta cutting fragment dedicated to the goddess Demeter 550-530 BC - From Gravisca, Italy by Etruscan")
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_(bronze)_-_(MeisterDrucke-216402).jpg "Mirror depicting a mythological scene, from Palestrina (Praeneste) by Etruscan")
_(bronze)_-_(MeisterDrucke-216402).jpg)
.jpg "Charioteer in His Chariot (detail) by Etruscan")
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.jpg "Dancer in a Blue Tunic from the Tomb of the Triclinium, c.470 BC by Etruscan")
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.jpg "Etruscan antiquity: olpe in clay by Etruscan")
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.jpg "Detail of the Sarcophagus of Velthur Partunus by Etruscan")
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