The 18th dynasty in Egypt encompasses an age often referred to as the new empire, or the third high period of Egypt. A time of change had come. Egypt is a country that historically has rarely avoided conflict. With the beginning of the 18th dynasty, a kind of calm period set in and the glorious time of the pharaohs came. Egyptian art remained on a relatively low level until then. Art was made for the dead. The flat-painted art that decorated the tombs of the deceased was of simple elaboration and design. With the pharaohs, the understanding of art changed. The Valley of the Kings became the central point of the stately tombs. The chosen place became the link between the belief in the gods and the cult of the dead. The work of the artists was no longer to serve a single purpose, it was to enable the dead kings to live on magnificently and were intended as mild-mannered offerings to the benevolence of the gods. When Howard Carter opened the tomb of Tutankhamun, it revealed an almost unimaginable magnificence with works of art from the 18th Dynasty. The artists used materials of inestimable value. Precious stones, gold, silver and copper were used in the grave goods. It is hard to imagine that in parallel in Europe the Bronze Age was drawing to a close.
An excellent example of 18th Dynasty art is the statue of the ruler Hatshepsut. The only woman to have ever ruled Egypt, it can be admired today in Metropolitan Museum. The pharaoh appears impossibly young, polished stone makes her skin shimmer and her face has fine features. The viewer might mistake her for a ballet dancer rather than Egypt's only queen. Artist Judy Chicago has reserved a place for the queen in her installation The Dinner Party.
An important task of the Egyptian artists was to choose a precise and unambiguous form of representation. From today's perspective, the individual motifs appear simple and schematic, yet the murals tell detailed stories. With the closing of the graves the stories should become alive and accompany the way of the dead. The artists proceeded systematically in the creation of the murals. Sketches were made on papyrus and these were transferred to the walls with bold colors. Strings stretched beforehand marked the exact position for the motifs. To protect the soul of the dead, all works of art were made according to strict rules of representation. The Egyptian art of mural painting follows geometric regularities in the arrangement of recurring elements. The result is a harmonious and balanced impression, which is unique in this form. The sculptors and painters of the 18th dynasty would not be artists in the modern sense, as they lacked creative and artistic freedom, yet their representations still find imitators and admirers many centuries later.
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.jpg "The goddess Selket on the canopic shrine, from the Tomb of Tutankhamun by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
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.jpg "Goddess Selket from the Canopic Shrine, from the Tomb of Tutankhamun (c.1370-1352 BC) New Kingdom (detail) by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
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.jpg "Garden of a Private Estate with an Ornamental Pool by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
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_New_Kingdom_c1336-1327_BC_(gold_-_(MeisterDrucke-427092).jpg "The Funerary Mask of Tutankhamun by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
_New_Kingdom_c1336-1327_BC_(gold_-_(MeisterDrucke-427092).jpg)
_and_his_wife_Ankhesenamun_from_his_tomb_New_Kingdom_-_(MeisterDrucke-426888).jpg "Tutankhamun and his wife, Ankhesenamun, from his tomb by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
_and_his_wife_Ankhesenamun_from_his_tomb_New_Kingdom_-_(MeisterDrucke-426888).jpg)
_-_(MeisterDrucke-427799).jpg "Fragment of the Ebers Papyrus, New Kingdom, c.1550 BC by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
_-_(MeisterDrucke-427799).jpg)
.jpg "Bust of Queen Nefertiti, from the Studio of the Sculptor Thutmose at Tell el-Amarna by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
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.jpg "Scarab pectoral, from the tomb of Tutankhamun by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
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.jpg "Bas Relief Representing the Guests of a Funeral Banquet - Tomb of the Vizier Ramose by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
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.jpg "Hub and Spokes of Chariot Wheel by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
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_depicting_the_Queen_a_-_(MeisterDrucke-417957).jpg "Detail from the Golden Shrine of Tutankhamun depicting the Queen anointing him with scented unguent, New Kingdom (detail) by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
_depicting_the_Queen_a_-_(MeisterDrucke-417957).jpg)
_-_(MeisterDrucke-422406).jpg "Musicians and a Dancer, from the Tomb of Nakht, New Kingdom by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
_-_(MeisterDrucke-422406).jpg)
_New_Kingdom_(_-_(MeisterDrucke-374847).jpg "The Cartouche of the King, from the Tomb of Horemheb by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
_New_Kingdom_(_-_(MeisterDrucke-374847).jpg)
.jpg "The goddess Isis from the inside of one of the double doors of the third gilded shrine, from the tomb of Tutankhamun by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
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_and_his_wife_A_-_(MeisterDrucke-418046).jpg "Plaque from the lid of a coffer showing Tutankhamun and his wife Ankhesenamun in a garden by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
_and_his_wife_A_-_(MeisterDrucke-418046).jpg)
_(c1364-1347_BC)_from_the_Temple_of_Amun_Karnak_-_(MeisterDrucke-419742).jpg "Bust of Amenophis IV (Akhenaten) from the Temple of Amun, Karnak (detail) by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
_(c1364-1347_BC)_from_the_Temple_of_Amun_Karnak_-_(MeisterDrucke-419742).jpg)
_(basalt)_-_(MeisterDrucke-418468).jpg "Tuthmosis III by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
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.jpg "Statue of the Lion-Headed Goddess Sekhmet from the Temple of Mut, Karnak, New Kingdom by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
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_c1336-1327_BC_New_Kingdom_(gold_-_(MeisterDrucke-434082).jpg "The funerary mask of Tutankhamun, c.1336-1327 BC, New Kingdom by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
_c1336-1327_BC_New_Kingdom_(gold_-_(MeisterDrucke-434082).jpg)
.jpg "Anubis, Egyptian god of the dead from a chest in the form of a shrine, from the tomb of Tutankhamun by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
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.jpg "Front view of one of the canopic coffins, from the Tomb of Tutankhamun by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
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.jpg "Nebamun hunting in the marshes with his wife and daughter, part of a wall painting from the tomb-chapel of Nebamun, Thebes, New Kingdom, c.1350 BC by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
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_his_wife_Nefertiti_and_their_chil_-_(MeisterDrucke-1123352).jpg "Relief depicting King Amenhotep IV (Akhenaten), his wife Nefertiti and their children under rays of sun god Aton by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
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.jpg "Pectoral decorated with the winged scarab protected by Isis and Nephthys, from the tomb of Tutankhamun by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
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.jpg "Scenes of Sowing and Harvesting, from the Tomb of Unsou, East Thebes, New Kingdom (c.1555-1080 BC) by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
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.jpg "Harvesting Scene, Mural Painting in the Tomb of Menna at Elwet, c. 1400 BC by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
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.jpg "Bust of Queen Nefertiti, front view, from the studio of the sculptor Thutmose at Tell el-Amarna by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
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.jpg "Tomb of Menna: Agricultural scene: collecting grains supervised by a scribe who records the harvest (fresco) by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
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_-_(MeisterDrucke-420756).jpg "Recording the harvest, from the Tomb of Menna by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
_-_(MeisterDrucke-420756).jpg)
 and his wife Teye receiving - (MeisterDrucke-375085).jpg "Stele Depicting Ay and His Wife Teye, Receiving the Gold of Recompense by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
 and his wife Teye receiving - (MeisterDrucke-375085).jpg)
.jpg "Egyptian antiquity: Fishing scene. The noble Menna depicts on a boat with his wife harpooning a fish. Fresco from the tomb of Menna from the tomb area of the nobles in Gournah, Luxor Egypt by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
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_-_(MeisterDrucke-379561).jpg "Scarab bracelet, from the Tomb of Tutankhamun, New Kingdom by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
_-_(MeisterDrucke-379561).jpg)
_Ne_-_(MeisterDrucke-439222).jpg "The innermost coffin of the king, from the Tomb of Tutankhamun by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
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.jpg "Relief Depicting Imenmes and Dejat, the Parents of General Imeneminet from a Tomb in Memphis (New Kingdom) by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
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_-_(MeisterDrucke-375340).jpg "Decorated Jar with Lug Handles, Amarna, 14th century BC by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
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.jpg "Cartouche-shaped box, from the Tomb of Tutankhamun, New Kingdom by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
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.jpg "Bowl, 18th Dynasty or later glazed faience by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
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.jpg "Anubis, Egyptian God of the Dead, Seated Atop a Chest in the Form of a Shrine, from the Tomb of Tutankhamun by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
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.jpg "The Innermost Coffin of Tutankhamun Showing the King in Osiride Form Clasping the Crook and the Flail from the Tomb of Tutankhamun, New Kingdom (detail) by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
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 - (MeisterDrucke-374965).jpg "Kohl Pot, depicting the Egyptian household god Bes by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
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.jpg "Drinking cup in the form of a half-opened lotus flower, found at the entrance to the tomb of Tutankhamun, New Kingdom by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
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.jpg "Gold dagger and sheath, Tutankhamun treasure, c.1340 BC by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
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.jpg "The golden mask of Tutankhamun by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
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_Ne_-_(MeisterDrucke-418030).jpg "The pharaoh")
_Ne_-_(MeisterDrucke-418030).jpg)
.jpg "Headrest with Shu, the Egyptian god of the air, from the Tomb of Tutankhamun, New Kingdom by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
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.jpg "Tomb of Royal Estate Supervisor Menna, Vestibule, Mural Paintings, Working in Fields by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
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.jpg "The burial chamber in the Tomb of Tutankhamun by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
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_New_Kingdom_c1336-1327_BC_(gold_-_(MeisterDrucke-436321).jpg "The funerary mask of Tutankhamun by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
_New_Kingdom_c1336-1327_BC_(gold_-_(MeisterDrucke-436321).jpg)
.jpg "Relief Depicting a Princess Eating a Roasted Duck, from the North Palace at Tell El-Amarna, New Kingdom by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
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.jpg "The King")
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_-_(MeisterDrucke-378079).jpg "Foreigners in a Procession, c.1345 BC by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
_-_(MeisterDrucke-378079).jpg)
_c1336-1327_BC_New_Kingdom_(gold_-_(MeisterDrucke-418848).jpg "The funerary mask of Tutankhamun, c.1336-1327 BC, New Kingdom by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
_c1336-1327_BC_New_Kingdom_(gold_-_(MeisterDrucke-418848).jpg)
_-_(MeisterDrucke-381485).jpg "Sphinx of Hatshepsut, c.1479-58 by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
_-_(MeisterDrucke-381485).jpg)
 from the sun templ - (MeisterDrucke-375281).jpg "Osirid pillar of Akhenaten (1365-1349 BC) from the sun temple of Amenophis IV at Karnak, New Kingdom, c.1350 BC by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
 from the sun templ - (MeisterDrucke-375281).jpg)
_New_Kingdom_(gol_-_(MeisterDrucke-427031).jpg "Figure of the king, from the Tomb of Tutankhamun, New Kingdom by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
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.jpg "Palm column kohl flask and fragment of inlay of a royal head, from Amarna, New Kingdom by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
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.jpg "Necklace with vulture pendant, from the tomb of Tutankhamun (c.1370-52 BC) New Kingdom by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
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.jpg "Tutankhamen and Wife Ankhesenamon Protected by Solar Disc on Throne, from Treasure of Tutankhamen by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
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.jpg "Figure of Pharaoh Akhenaten Holding an Offering Table by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
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.jpg "Statue of the lion-headed goddess Sekhmet, from the Temple of Mut, Karnak, New Kingdom, c.1391-1353 BC by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
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.jpg "Egyptian Antiquity: The Pharaoh Tutankhamun Facing the God Osiris by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
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_and_Queen_Tiye_New_Ki_-_(MeisterDrucke-421820).jpg "Base of a Marriage Scarab of Amenhotep III and Queen Tiye, New Kingdom, c.1391-1353 BC by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
_and_Queen_Tiye_New_Ki_-_(MeisterDrucke-421820).jpg)
_-_(MeisterDrucke-427654).jpg "Relief Depicting the Aten Giving Life and Prosperity to Amenophis IV (Akhenaten) (c.1352-1336 BC) His Wife, Nefertiti and Three of Their Daughters, from Tell el-Amarna, New Kingdom, c.1375-1354 BC by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
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.jpg "Weeping Women in a Funeral Procession, from the Tomb-Chapel of Ramose, Vizier and Governor of Thebes, New Kingdom, c.1360 BC by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
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.jpg "Anubis, the God of Death from the Mortuary Temple of Queen Hatshepsut by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
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_and_Queen_Tiye_New_Ki_-_(MeisterDrucke-424944).jpg "Base of a marriage scarab of Amenhotep III and Queen Tiye, New Kingdom, c.1391-1353 BC by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
_and_Queen_Tiye_New_Ki_-_(MeisterDrucke-424944).jpg)
.jpg "Unguent box in the form of a double royal cartouche, from the tomb of Tutankhamun by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
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_vizir_of_the_-_(MeisterDrucke-1062463).jpg "Egyptian antiquity: painting decorating the tomb of Rekhmire, vizir of the 18th dynasty by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
_vizir_of_the_-_(MeisterDrucke-1062463).jpg)
_New_Kingdom_(gilded_wood_-_(MeisterDrucke-439206).jpg "The throne, from the Tomb of Tutankhamun, New Kingdom by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
_New_Kingdom_(gilded_wood_-_(MeisterDrucke-439206).jpg)
.jpg "Relief Depicting Horus, Chapel of the Goddess Hathor by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
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_New_Kingdom_(gold_-_(MeisterDrucke-418024).jpg "Wedjet eye pectoral, from the tomb of Tutankhamun by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
_New_Kingdom_(gold_-_(MeisterDrucke-418024).jpg)
.jpg "The Back of the Throne of Tutankhamun Depicting the Queen Ankhesenamun Putting the Finishing Touches to the King")
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.jpg "Scene from the Book of Amduat showing the journey to the Underworld by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
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.jpg "Sphinx of Amenhotep III, possibly from a Model of a Temple, c.1390–1352 BC by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
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_eighteenth_dy_-_(MeisterDrucke-1089045).jpg "Detail of Statue of Thutmose III, from the Temple of Amun at Karnak in Luxor by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
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.jpg "Openwork plaque or buckle showing the king")
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.jpg "Bust of Queen Nefertiti, Front View, from the Studio of the Sculptor Thutmose at Tell el-Amarna by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
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.jpg "Ceremonial Chair of Tutankhamun, Detail of the Curved Seat and Back, New Kingdom by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
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_(c1364-47_BC)_Nefertiti_and_their_Daug_-_(MeisterDrucke-420860).jpg "Relief depicting Amenophis IV (Akhenaten), Nefertiti and their Daughter, Meritaton, Making an Offering to Aten, from the Royal Palace at Tell El-Amarna by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
_(c1364-47_BC)_Nefertiti_and_their_Daug_-_(MeisterDrucke-420860).jpg)
.jpg "Egyptian antiquity: musicians. Tomb of Nakht, 18th dynasty, 1410 BC by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
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.jpg "Bust of Queen Nefertiti, Side View, from the Studio of Thutmose at Tell el-Amarna by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
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.jpg "Sacred Scarab Statue in the Temple of Amun, Erected by Amenhotep III and Dedicated to the Sun God Atum-Kheperre, New Kingdom by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
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.jpg "Innermost Coffin of Tutankhamun from the Tomb of Tutankhamun, New Kingdom (detail) by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
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.jpg "Relief Depicting Acrobats and a Harpist, from Karnak, New Kingdom by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
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_New_Kingdom_(ala_-_(MeisterDrucke-554330).jpg "Floral unguent jar, from the Tomb of Tutankhamun by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
_New_Kingdom_(ala_-_(MeisterDrucke-554330).jpg)
.jpg "Bas-relief Depicting Amenhotep IV Worshiping the Solar Disc by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
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.jpg "Fishing and fowling in the marshes, detail from the Tomb Chapel of Menna, New Kingdom (detail) by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
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.jpg "Lid of an unguent jar in the form of an ibex, from the tomb of Tutankhamun, New Kingdom by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
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_depicting_the_spirit_of_milli_-_(MeisterDrucke-426986).jpg "Chair, from the Tomb of Tutankhamun depicting the spirit of millions of years by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
_depicting_the_spirit_of_milli_-_(MeisterDrucke-426986).jpg)
_-_(MeisterDrucke-579598).jpg "Krateriskos, from Saqqara, New Kingdom by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
_-_(MeisterDrucke-579598).jpg)
.jpg "Egyptian Antiquity: Gilded Gold Sarcophagus Used to Contain the Deceased")
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.jpg "Two bracelets, from the Tomb of Tutankhamun, New Kingdom by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
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.jpg "Breast plate depicting Osiris, god of the afterworld, from the tomb of Tutankhamun by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
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.jpg "Descent of the sarcophagus into the tomb from the Tomb of Tuthmosis III by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
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_New_Kingdom_-_(MeisterDrucke-418446).jpg "The two mystical eyes, from the Tomb of Tuthmosis III by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
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.jpg "Dejat (detail) by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
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.jpg "Representation of Roy and his wife Nebtawy facing a high priest by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
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_New_K_-_(MeisterDrucke-436320).jpg "Necklace with vulture pendant, from the tomb of Tutankhamun by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
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.jpg "Wall Reliefs, Great Hypostyle Hall, Karnak Temple Complex, Luxor, Egypt by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
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.jpg "The Toilet of Noblewomen, from the Tomb of Rekhmire, vizier of Tuthmosis III and Amenhotep II, New Kingdom by Egyptian 18th Dynasty")
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